单水氢氧化锂-氯化物的测定-汞量法

整理时间:2012-11-07   热度:1029

1   范围                                                                

   本方法适用于工业级单水氢氧化锂中质量分数0.0030%~0.20%的氯化物的测定。                                                               

2   原理                                                                

试料用硝酸分解,在微酸性溶液或 (3+1)乙醇溶液中,以二苯偶氮羰酰肼为指示剂,用硝酸汞标准滴定溶液滴定至紫红色确定终点。以消耗硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的量计算氯化物的量。                                                                                                                                  

3   试剂                                                                                                                                 

3.1乙醇。                                                                                                                                  

3.2硝酸,ρ1.42g/mL,优级纯。           &nb

bsp;                                                                                                                     

3.3硝酸,1+1,优级纯。                                                                                                                                  

3.4硝酸,3+47,优级纯。                                                                                                                                 

3.5氢氧化钠溶液,200g/L。                                                                                                                                  

3.6氢氧化钠溶液,40g/L。                                                                                                                                 &

nbsp;

3.7氯化钠标准贮存溶液,0.05moL/L:

称取2.9220g预先在450~500℃灼烧1.5h并在干燥器中冷却至室温的氯化钠(基准试剂),置于250mL烧杯中,加水溶解后,移入1000mL容量瓶中,以及稀释至刻度,混匀。

3.8氯化钠标准溶液,0.005moL/L:

移取25.00mL0.05moL/L氯化钠标准贮存溶液,置于250mL容量瓶中, 以水稀释至刻度,混匀。                                                                 

3.9硝酸汞标准贮存溶液,0.05moL/L:

称取8.57g硝酸汞[Hg(NO3)2·H2O,优级纯],置于250mL烧杯中。加入7mL硝酸(1+1),用少量水溶解,必要时过滤,移入1000mL容量瓶中,以水稀释至刻度,混匀。                                                                

注:或称取5.43g氧化汞(优级纯),置于250mL烧杯中,加入10mL硝酸(1+1)和少量水溶解,必要时过滤,移入1000mL容量瓶中,以水稀释至刻度,混匀。                                                                                                                                 

3.10硝酸汞标准滴定溶液,0.005moL/L。

3.10.1配制:移取50.00mL0.05moL/L硝酸汞标准贮存溶液,置于500mL容量瓶中,补加5mL硝酸(1+1),以水稀释至于刻度,混匀。                                                                                                                                  

3.10.2标定:移取三份5.00mL0.005moL/L氯化钠标准溶液,分别置于250mL三角瓶中,加入40mL水和2~3滴1g/L溴酚蓝指示剂,滴加硝酸(3+47)至溶液由蓝色变为黄色,再过量2~5滴,加入1mL5g/L二苯偶氮羰酰肼指示剂,以0.005moL/L硝酸汞标准滴定溶液滴定至溶液由黄色变为紫红色即为终点。平行标定所消耗硝酸汞标准滴定溶液体积的极差值不应超过0.06mL,取其平均值。                                                                                                                                 

注:如试料在乙醇介质中滴定,则标定也应在相同介质中进行。                                                                                                                                  

随同标定做空白试验。                                                                                                                                 

按下式计算硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的实际浓度:

            

式中:c——硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的实际浓度,moL/L;

c1——氯化钠标准溶液的浓度,moL/L;

V1——氯化钠标准溶液的体积,mL;

V——滴定氯化钠标准溶液消耗硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的体积,mL;                                                                                                                                  

V0——滴定空白溶液消耗硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的体积,mL。                                                                                                                                 

3.11溴酚蓝指示剂,1g/L:

用乙醇配制。

3.12二苯偶氮羰酰肼指示剂,5g/L:

用乙醇配制。

4   操作步骤

4.1称样                                    &n

bsp;                                                                                             

单水氢氧化锂应装满于塑料器皿中,密封贮存。

称取3g试样,精确至0.0001g。                                                                                                                                  

4.2空白试验                                                                                                                                 

随同试料做空白试验。但加入与分解试料等量的酸,应在低温下蒸发至近干。                                                                                                                                  

4.3测定                                                                                                                                 

将试料置于250mL三角瓶中,用少量水润湿,加入6mL硝酸溶解。加水至约40mL(如试样中氯质量分数小于0.008%时,加入30mL乙醇和4mL水),加入2~3滴1g/L溴酚蓝指示剂,用200g/L

和40g/L氢氧化钠溶液调至蓝色,再滴加硝酸(3+47)至恰呈黄色,并过量2~5滴。加入1mL5g/L二苯偶氮羰酰肼指示剂,用硝酸汞标准滴定溶液滴定至试液由黄色变为紫红色即为终点。                                                                                                                                  

5   结果计算                                                                                                                                 

按下式计算氯化物(以C1计)的含量,以质量分数表示:

                                                                                                        

式中:c——硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的实际浓度,moL/L;

V——滴定试液消耗硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的体积,mL;                                                                                                                                  

V0——滴定空白溶液消耗硝酸汞标准滴定溶液的体积,mL;

m——试料的质量,g;

0.03545——与1.00mL硝酸汞标准滴定溶液相当的氯化物的质量,g。

6   允许差

两次测定值之间的的差值应不大于表1所列允许差。

                       表1                        %

氯的质量分数

width=215>

允许差

0.0030~0.0070

0.0025

>0.0070~0.015

0.004

>0.015~0.030

0.006

>0.030~0.075

0.008

>0.075~0.20

0.02

7   参考文献

[1] 国家标准GB/T 11064.10-89

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